@font-face{font-family:"Source Serif 4 Variable";font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:200 900;src:url(/_blog/immutable/assets/source-serif-4-cyrillic-ext-wght-normal.cHuGMAiY.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+460-52F,U+1C80-1C8A,U+20B4,U+2DE0-2DFF,U+A640-A69F,U+FE2E-FE2F}@font-face{font-family:"Source Serif 4 Variable";font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:200 900;src:url(/_blog/immutable/assets/source-serif-4-cyrillic-wght-normal.DwHjdM4S.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+301,U+400-45F,U+490-491,U+4B0-4B1,U+2116}@font-face{font-family:"Source Serif 4 Variable";font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:200 900;src:url(/_blog/immutable/assets/source-serif-4-greek-wght-normal.ece1310W.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+370-377,U+37A-37F,U+384-38A,U+38C,U+38E-3A1,U+3A3-3FF}@font-face{font-family:"Source Serif 4 Variable";font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:200 900;src:url(/_blog/immutable/assets/source-serif-4-vietnamese-wght-normal.D-yuW59g.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+102-103,U+110-111,U+128-129,U+168-169,U+1A0-1A1,U+1AF-1B0,U+300-301,U+303-304,U+308-309,U+323,U+329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:"Source Serif 4 Variable";font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:200 900;src:url(/_blog/immutable/assets/source-serif-4-latin-ext-wght-normal.CxNHBx-q.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+100-2BA,U+2BD-2C5,U+2C7-2CC,U+2CE-2D7,U+2DD-2FF,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:"Source Serif 4 Variable";font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:200 900;src:url(/_blog/immutable/assets/source-serif-4-latin-wght-normal.D9elroTD.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}:root{--col:680px;--font-serif:"Source Serif 4 Variable", "Source Serif 4", "Iowan Old Style", Georgia, serif;--font-display:"General Sans", "Hanken Grotesk", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", system-ui, sans-serif;--font-mono:ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", monospace;--paper:#fff;--ink:#1a1a1a;--ink-soft:#3d3d3d;--ink-muted:#6b6b6b;--ink-faint:#a8a8a8;--rule:#e6e6e3;--rule-strong:#c9c9c5;--link:#1a1a1a;--link-line:#b9b9b5;--code-bg:#f6f8fa;--sn-width:170px;--sn-gap:28px;--body-size:20px;--cream:#f4f1ea;--cream-deep:#ebe6da;--accent:#0077c0;--accent-soft:#0077c01a;--wide:1180px;--t-mast:clamp(2.8rem, 7vw, 5.5rem);--t-feature:clamp(2rem, 4.2vw, 3.1rem);--t-head:clamp(1.4rem, 2.2vw, 1.8rem);--t-eyebrow:.72rem;--track-tight:-.035em;--track-eyebrow:.14em}html[lang=ko]{--font-serif:"Source Serif 4 Variable", "Source Serif 4", "Noto Serif KR", "Apple SD Gothic Neo", serif}html[lang=ja]{--font-serif:"Source Serif 4 Variable", "Source Serif 4", "Noto Serif JP", "Hiragino Mincho ProN", "Yu Mincho", serif}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:2rem}body{background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--font-serif);font-size:var(--body-size);-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;text-rendering:optimizelegibility;margin:0;line-height:1.6;overflow-x:clip}html[lang=ko] body{word-break:keep-all;line-height:1.75}html[lang=ja] body{line-height:1.8}a{color:var(--link);text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--link-line);text-decoration-color:var(--link-line);text-underline-offset:.14em}a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--ink);text-decoration-color:var(--ink)}.visually-hidden{clip:rect(0 0 0 0);white-space:nowrap;border:0;width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;padding:0;overflow:hidden;position:absolute!important}.page{width:min(100% - 40px, var(--col));margin:2.5rem auto 0}.reader{position:relative}.article{width:min(100% - 40px, var(--col));margin:2.5rem auto 0;position:relative}.prose>:first-child{margin-top:0}.prose p,.prose ul,.prose ol,.prose blockquote{margin:0 0 1.35em}.prose ul,.prose ol{padding-left:1.4em}.prose li{margin:.25em 0}.prose h2{font-family:var(--font-display);font-size:var(--t-head);letter-spacing:var(--track-tight);margin:2.6em 0 .7em;font-weight:600;line-height:1.15}.prose h2:before{content:"";background-image:radial-gradient(circle at 1px 1px, var(--rule-strong) 1px, transparent 0);background-size:4px 3px;width:42px;height:3px;margin-bottom:.9rem;display:block}.prose h3{font-family:var(--font-display);margin:1.9em 0 .5em;font-size:1.05rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.3}.prose h4{margin:1.5em 0 .4em;font-size:1rem;font-weight:600}.prose blockquote{border-left:2px solid var(--rule-strong);color:var(--ink-soft);padding-left:1.1em}.prose hr{border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--rule-strong);width:4rem;margin:2.5em auto}.prose img{max-width:100%;height:auto}.prose table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;margin:0 0 1.5em;font-size:.85em}.prose th,.prose td{text-align:left;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);padding:.4em .6em}.prose th{font-family:var(--font-display);color:var(--ink-muted);font-size:.75rem;font-weight:600}.prose strong{font-weight:600}.prose code{font-family:var(--font-mono);font-size:.82em}.prose :not(pre)>code{background:var(--code-bg);border-radius:4px;padding:.1em .35em}.code-block{border:1px solid var(--rule);background:var(--code-bg);border-radius:6px;margin:1.75em 0;font-size:.7rem;position:relative}.code-block .code-lang{font-family:var(--font-display);letter-spacing:var(--track-eyebrow);text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-faint);pointer-events:none;font-size:.66rem;font-weight:600;position:absolute;top:.45rem;right:.7rem}.code-block pre{tab-size:2;margin:0;padding:1rem 1rem 1rem 0;line-height:1.6;overflow-x:auto;background:0 0!important}.code-block code{font-family:var(--font-mono);counter-reset:line;font-size:.85rem;display:block}.code-block .line:before{counter-increment:line;content:counter(line);text-align:right;width:2.4rem;color:var(--ink-faint);-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:1rem;padding-right:.5rem;display:inline-block}.sidenote-ref{vertical-align:super;font-size:.7em;line-height:0}.sidenote-ref a{color:var(--ink-muted);padding:0 .1em;text-decoration:none}.sidenote-ref a:hover{color:var(--ink)}.sidenote{color:var(--ink-muted);font-size:.8rem;line-height:1.45}.sidenote-label{float:left;font-size:.7rem;line-height:inherit;color:var(--ink-faint);margin-right:.45em}.sidenote-body:after{content:"";clear:both;display:block}.sidenote p{margin:0 0 .6em}.sidenote p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.sidenote a{color:inherit}@media (width<=1099.98px){.sidenote{border-left:2px solid var(--rule-strong);background:#fafaf8;margin:.4em 0 1.2em;padding:.6em .9em;font-size:.85rem;display:none}.sidenote.open,.sidenote:target{display:block}.sidenote-label{cursor:pointer}.sidenote-ref a{cursor:pointer;color:var(--ink)}}@media (width>=1100px){.sidenote{float:right;clear:right;width:var(--sn-width);margin:0 calc(-1 * (var(--sn-width) + var(--sn-gap))) 1em 0;z-index:1;position:relative}.sidenote-body{display:block}.sn-positioned .sidenote{float:none;left:calc(100% + var(--sn-gap));margin:0;transition:background-color .4s;position:absolute}.sidenote.is-target{background:#fff6d6}}@media (width>=1280px){:root{--sn-width:220px;--sn-gap:40px}}.rail-left{display:none}@media (width>=1280px){.rail-left{z-index:1;top:7rem;left:calc(50vw - var(--col) / 2 - 40px - 230px);opacity:0;pointer-events:none;width:230px;max-height:calc(100vh - 9rem);transition:opacity .2s;display:block;position:fixed;overflow-y:auto}.rail-left.is-visible{opacity:1;pointer-events:auto}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.rail-left{transition:none}}@media print{.site-header .locales,.rail-left{display:none!important}body{font-size:11pt}.article{width:auto}.sidenote,.sn-positioned .sidenote{float:none;border-left:1px solid #999;width:auto;margin:.4em 0 1em;padding-left:.8em;font-size:9pt;display:block;position:static}.sidenote-body{display:inline}.code-block pre{white-space:pre-wrap}a[href^=http]:after{content:" (" attr(href) ")";color:#555;font-size:.85em}}html[lang=ko]{--font-display:"General Sans", "Pretendard Variable", "Pretendard", "Apple SD Gothic Neo", "Noto Sans KR", sans-serif}html[lang=ja]{--font-display:"General Sans", "Hiragino Sans", "Noto Sans JP", "Yu Gothic", sans-serif}.bleed{width:100vw;margin-left:calc(50% - 50vw);margin-right:calc(50% - 50vw)}.dot-rule{background-image:radial-gradient(circle at 1px 1px, var(--rule-strong) 1px, transparent 0);background-repeat:repeat-x;background-size:4px 3px;height:3px}.eyebrow{font-family:var(--font-display);font-size:var(--t-eyebrow);letter-spacing:var(--track-eyebrow);text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-muted);font-weight:600}.chrome a:focus-visible,.chrome button:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:3px;border-radius:2px}.figures{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;font-feature-settings:"tnum" 1}